Mhuka Dzinogara paMount Everest: Hupenyu Padenga Renyika

ziviso

Gomo reEverest nderimwe renzvimbo dzakanyanyisa pasi rose nekuti rinokwira mamita 8,848.86 pamusoro pegungwa. Mikwidza ine matombo, mikwidza inotonhora zvikuru uye yakatetepa, izvo zvinoita kuti kurarama kunenge kusisasvikiki. Zvisinei, mhuka dzinogara paMount Everest dzakashanduka-shanduka zvinoshamisa kuti dzirarame nemamiriro ekunze.

Nzvimbo yakadzika yegomo inochengeta mhuka dzakawanda dzakasimba, kunyange zvazvo gomo racho richizivikanwa kuva mhuka inofa yakaoma nechando, inotonhora. Snow Leopards uye Himalayan tahrs kune shiri dzakaoma netumbuyu, Mhuka dzinogara paMount Everest dzinoratidza simba rezvisikwa kuti rirarame mumamiriro ekunze asingatarisirwi uye muhuwandu hushoma hweokisijeni.

Mazaya echando anowanikwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira, nepo mawere ezasi akafukidzwa nemafuro emakomo nemasango, ayo anopa zvokudya nepokugara. Upenyu hwepaGomo reEverest hunoratidzwa nemifananidzo yemhuka, iyo inosimbisa hutete asi hwakajeka hwemagariro eiyi nyika yakakwirira yeHimalaya.

Zvikuru, Mount Everest iri munzvimbo yeUNESCO World Heritage Site inonzi Sagarmatha National Park. Iri zita rinovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kweMhuka dzinogara Mount Everest, kukurudzira kuchengetedza nekutsvakurudza. Izvo zvakakosha kuchengetedza iyi ecosystem sezvo ihwo hupenyu hunorarama pamuganho wekuvapo.

Nzvimbo Yakakasharara yeEverest

Gomo reEverest rinotyisa upenyu pamwero waro wakanyanyisa. Kukwirira kwacho kwakakwirira zvikuru, uye nokudaro okisijeni yakapera zvikuru, zvichiita kuti zviome kufema kumarudzi akawanda. Mhepo yakatetepa, pamwe chete nemhepo ine simba, inoita kuti zvisakwanisika kurarama. Zvisikwa zvakagadziridzwa chete zvinokwanisa kutsungirira.

Tembiricha yegore rose inodzorwa nechando, sezvo ichigona kuenda pasi pe zero manheru ezhizha. Mhoteredzo haikanganwiri nokuda kwokunaya kwechando, mazaya echando, uye nzvimbo ine chando. Kuti zvirarame, mhuka dziri pano dzinofanirwa kutsungirira chando, kuchengetedza simba, uye kutsvaga zvisingawanzo-inodziya nharaunda diki.

Kune zvinomera zvishoma, izvo zvakaganhurirwa kune akasimba mosses, lichens, uye alpine makwenzi kunzvimbo yakaderera. Kuve nekudya kushoma, mhuka dziri muEverest dzinogona kuderedza metabolism yadzo, kutsvaira, kana kufamba mumwaka kune mamwe mipata ine zviwanikwa.

Nekugadziriswa kwakakosha, zvinokwanisika kurarama munzvimbo ino ine hutsinye. Mhuka dzakachinjirwa ku hypoxia uye kutonhora kwakanyanya nerubatsiro rwehudzi gobvu, mafuta, mapapu akakosha, uye yakanaka system yekutenderera. Kuchinja kunoshamisa kwakadaro kunovimbisa kuvepo kwemhuka dzesango dzisingawanzo uye dzakasimba muMount Everest.

Iconic Mhuka dzeMount Everest

Snow Leopard

Ingwe yechando ndiyo mambo anodya makomo eEverest, akagadziridzwa zvakakwana kumawere echando uye mawere. Mvere dzayo dzakakora uye dzakareba, uye makumbo ayo akasimba zvakakwana kuti igone kuvhima mhuka yayo muchivande ichikwira mumakomo, kusanganisira bharal neHimalayan tahr.

Snow Leopard inonyanya kushomeka, isinganzwisisike, uye chiratidzo chemusango weEverest. Zvinenge zvisingabviri kuona chimwe chazvo nokuti chakanyatsobatanidzwa nematombo. Mbada dzechando dzinoratidza kuvharika kunoshamisa.

PaIUCN Red List, mbada dzechando dzava kutyisidzirwa semhuka isingakuvadzi nemhaka yokuvhima zvisiri pamutemo uye kuparadzwa kwenzvimbo dzinogara. Izvi zvinotarisirwa nematanho ekuchengetedza mukati meSagarmatha National Park kuchengetedza chiyero pakati pezvikara nemhuka dzazvo mune ino yakatetepa ecosystem yeHimalayas.

Himalayan Tahr

Himalayan Tahr imhando yembudzi yemusango inogara pamakomo ane matombo eEverest. Dzine mvere dzakakora, nyanga dzakakombama, uye miviri ine tsandanyama, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakasimba zvikuru. Mhuka idzi dzinodya makwenzi neuswa hwemualpine huri pakakwirira zvisingadaviriki.

Ivo zvakare vakwikwidzi vakuru uye vanowanzo wanikwa vachikwira pedyo-yakatwasuka mawere. Mhuka dzinogara mumakomo, dzakadai se<em>tahr, dzinogara muGomo reEverest, dzinoratidza kuti mhuka dzinochinja sei physiologically uye maitiro kuti dzigare munzvimbo inogara ichityisidzirwa nezvikara uye mamiriro okunze asina ushamwari.

Himalayan tahr inotyisidzirwawo nekupindirwa kwekugara uye kuvhima, kunyangwe ichiwanikwa muhuwandu munzvimbo. Kuchengetedza nhamba dzavo ivimbiso yekuchengetedzwa kwehukama hwemhuka dzinodya mhuka uye kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu muEverest Himalayas.

Musk Deer

Musk nondo inogara muzasi memateru eEverest mumasango (2,500-4,300 m). Ichi chisikwa chinozivikanwa zvishoma uye chinonyara chine mazino-akaita senge fang uye isina nyanga, iyo inonyatsoonekwa murima. Kurema kwayo kunoita kuti ikwanise kurarama nemasango anotonhora uye akareba ane miti mishoma.

Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa neiyo musk gland iyo inogadzira chinhu cheukoshi hukuru munguva yakapfuura, zvese zvekushandisa sezvinonhuwira uye mumishonga yechivanhu. Zvinosuwisa kuti izvi zvakakonzera kuvhiyiwa zvisiri pamutemo. Mhuka dzinogara muGomo reEverest, senge musk deer, dzinoda kuchengetedzwa nekukurumidza.

Musk deer imhuka iri mungozi yekutsakatika nhasi. Sagarmatha National Park uye kuchengetedzwa nevanorwisa-poaching patrols inodiwa kuchengetedza iyi yakasarudzika mhuka. Zviitiko zvekuchengetedza zvakanangana nekuderedza kuvhima zvisiri pamutemo uye kuchengetedza kuenzana kwezvakatipoteredza mumasango eHimalaya.

Red Panda

Iyo panda tsvuku inogara musango rinodziya reSagarmatha National Park (2,000-4,000 metres). Nekudaro, ivo havana kujairika muEverest zvichienzaniswa nekumabvazuva kweHimalaya. Vane mvere dzvuku, chiso chakafukidzwa, uye muswe une gwenzi, uye ndeimwe yemhuka dzinoshamisa muEverest.

Red pandas zvisikwa zvinonyara, zvehusiku, uye zvega zvine chikafu chekutanga chinoumbwa neshenjere, michero, michero, uye tumbuyu diki. Kuvapo kwemhuka dzinogara muMount Everest kunoratidzira nzvimbo dzesango dzisina kusimba uye dzakapindirana dzinochengeta kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu pasi pemakomo ane sinou.

Vari mungozi yokutsakatika uye chiverengero chazvo chiri kuderera nemhaka yokurasikirwa nepekugara uye kutemwa kwemasango. Nepal Nharaunda yekuchengetedza uye mapurojekiti ekuzivisa akakosha kuchengetedza mapanda matsvuku kuti arambe ari mufananidzo mupenyu weHimalaya.

Wild Yak

Wild yaks kazhinji muTibet. Kudivi reNepal reEverest, mayak epamba akajairika. Vane bvudzi refu rine shavi, nyanga, uye mapapu makuru; saka, vanogona kurarama mumamiriro ekutonhora kwakanyanya, mhepo isina kukwana, uye nzvimbo ine sinou pa4,000 metres.

Mayak akachengetwa vaponesi kune vafambi nevanokwira vanounza mitoro. Mhuka idzi dzakanyatsosungirirwa kune tsika yeSherpas, ichiratidza husungwa hwevanhu-mhuka hunodiwa kuti urarame munharaunda dzepamusoro-soro.

Yaks yemumba yakapararira, asi yaks yemusango iri kuwedzera kuwanda. Zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza izvi zvine chinangwa chekuona kuti mombe dzesango hadzivhimirwe zvakanyanya uye kuti nzvimbo yadzinogara haikanganiswe. Nekuchengetedza yaks, kune mukana wakakura wekuti tsika dzetsika uye zvakatipoteredza zvichave zvine hutano munzvimbo yeEverest.

Shiri dzeEverest Region

Himalayan monal ishiri yenyika yeNepal inoyevedza chiitiko munzvimbo yeEverest. Minhenga yaro inopenya pasi pezuva muruvara rwepepuru rwakati chechetere, runomiririra runako rweHimalaya. Shiri idzi dzinowanikwa mumakomo emakomo uye masango erhododendron, pakati pemhuka dzinogara paMount Everest.

Gora reHimalayan griffon vulture ishiri dzinobhururuka zvakanyanya (6,000-7,000metres). Dzine mapapiro akakura adzinoita kuti dzikwanise kukwira zvinopisa pasina dambudziko. Aya ma scavenger akakosha mukucheneswa kwezvakatipoteredza sezvo achidya zvitunha zvemhuka dzakaiswa pamateru emakomo.

Mamwe marudzi anonakidza anosanganisira njiva yechando, ropa pheasant, uye Tibetan snowcock. Shiri dzakasarudzika kune inotonhora, sezvo dzichigadzira matendere pamawere kana kumucheto kwemasango. Alpine ecological diversity inoratidzwa nemhuka dzakadai seidzo dzinowanikwa paMount Everest, dzakadai seshiri idzi.

Everest yakakomborerwawo neshiri dzinotama mwaka nemwaka. Mhuka idzi dzinofamba nzendo refu, dzichishandisa kuwanikwa kwechikafu nemwaka. Kuvapo kwavo kunosimbisa kudyidzana kwepasirese ecosystem uye kunotiyeuchidza nezvekuti Everest yanga iri nzvimbo yakakosha yekupona kweshiri.

Zvisikwa Zvisingazivikanwe

Bere dema reHimalaya rinofamba-famba munzvimbo dzine masango mumipata yezasi yeEverest. Iine omnivorous uye inodya michero, midzi yemiti, uye mhuka duku. Mhuka dzeMount Everest, dzakadai semapere, chiyeuchidzo chokuti kune dzimwe mhuka dzesango kunyange pasi pemazaya echando.

Pikas zvakare ari pakati pevadiki vagari; imhuka diki dzakaita setsuro. Dzinowanikwa mumafuro manyoro umo dzinounganidza huswa munguva yechando. Padivi pawo, mapere eHimalaya anonzvenga anogara kunzvimbo dzakakwirira dziri kure, dzinojairana nemhepo yakatetepa uye ine nyama shoma.

Kunyange zvipembenene uye amphibians akasimba anowanikwa panzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi. Zvipembenene, dandemutande, uye mamwe marudzi ematatya anopona pachando uye mweya weokisijeni wakakwana. Idzo Mhuka dzisingazivikanwe dzinogara paMount Everest dzinopa simba rezvisikwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipa kwazvo paPasi.

Magadzirirwo eKupona

Hupenyu hwemhuka muMount Everest hunotsigirwa nekuchinja kunoshamisa. Kurwisa kutonhora uye kuderera kweokisijeni, mazhinji anogadzira makushe anodzivirira, mapapu akafara, uye kutenderera kweropa kwakanaka. Vamwe vanononoka metabolism uye vanochengeta simba kana chikafu nekudziya zvisipo.

Imwe nzira kutama kwemwaka, uko mhuka dzinotama dzichidzika mugomo munguva yechando chakanyanya. Zvimwe zvinobva pamaruva emualpine uye marara pane zvakaora. Aya magadzirirwo anoratidza kuti kusimba kunoshamisa kunodiwa sei kuti urarame munzvimbo isingagoneki, yakakwirira-yakakwirira yeEverest.

Basa reMhuka muSherpa uye Tsika dzeNzvimbo

Yaks anoshandiswa sechikamu chakakosha cheSherpa uye hupenyu hwenzvimbo. Vanoita zvinopfuura kungotakura chete; vanopa mukaka, nyama, makushe, uye huni. Iyo ecosystem yekupona kwepamusoro uye kugara munharaunda kwakavakirwa pamhuka dzinogara paMount Everest, seyaks.

Pane chirevo chakadzama cheshiri nemhuka muchimiro cheBuddha. Mhuka dzakaita semagora nemhembwe dzinoratidza kusava nemhosva, tsitsi, uye kuenzanisa. Hupenyu hwemhuka paMount Everest hahukosheswi chete nekuda kwekupona kwadzo, asiwo senzvimbo yekunamata.

Kunewo ngano dzeko dzinowedzera tsika. Iyo Yeti kana Anonyangadza Snowman ndiyo inomiririra zvakavanzika zveEverest. Kuonekwa kwaro kwazova chikamu chengano, sezvo vanhu vanoshamiswa neMhuka dzinogara paMount Everest uye hunhu hwemusango hwedunhu reHimalaya.

Kuchengetedza Matambudziko

Nzvimbo dzekugara dziri kuita diki nekufamba kwenguva nekuda kwekunyungudika kwemazaya echando uye kukwira kwekushisa nekuda kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Mhuka dzinogara paMount Everest dzinomanikidzwa kutsungirira nekuderedzwa kwadzo kwechikafu uye nekuwedzera mamiriro ezvinhu akaipa kuti dzirarame, nokudaro dzinofanirwa kushanduka nekukasika sechikamu chenzvimbo dzakatotetereka dzemakomo.

Kupindira kweanthropogenic mumhando dzekufamba, kukwira makomo, uye kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvinokanganisa nzira yemhuka dzesango. Ruzha, marara, uye kupinda kwekugara kunowedzera kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yekuberekera uye kupona kweMhuka dzinogara paMount Everest.

Musk deer, red pandas, uye dzimwe mhuka dziri mungozi nekuvhima uye kuparadzwa kwemasango mumipata yepasi. Sezvineiwo, Sagarmatha National Park uye masangano ekuchengetedza epasi rose anokurudzira kurwisa-poaching patrol, mishandirapamwe yekuzivisa, uye kudzoreredza kwekugara kweMhuka idzo dzinogara paMount Everest.

Mikana Yakanakisa Yevashanyi Kuti Vaone Wildlife

The Everest Base Musasa Trek ndiyo nzvimbo inogarogarogarwa yekuona mhuka dzesango nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana, semiti nemasango, mafuro, nemakomo. Zvinokwanisika kugara uchitarisa mhuka dzinogara paGomo reEverest, senge musk deer, Himalayan tahr, uye shiri dzine mavara.

Nzira dzakakurumbira dzinokurudzirwa masango akatenderedza Namche Bazaar, Tengboche, uye Pangboche, uko kunowanikwa pandas tsvuku nemamonals. Kushandisa madhairekitori emunharaunda uye masikirwo emusikirwo ane mukana mukuru wekuona Mhuka dzinogara muMount Everest uye zvaizobatsira nharaunda mukuchengetedza.

mhedziso

Gomo reEverest harisi remakomo marefu chete uye vanokwira vakashinga, asi zvakare musha kune zvinoshamisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu. Mhuka dziri paMount Everest dzinoenzanisira kutsungirira, sezvadzinorarama mune imwe yenzvimbo dzakaipa zvikuru pasi rose.

Kuchengetedza mhuka idzi kunochengetedza nzvimbo dzinogara dzisina njodzi. Kubva kune ingwe yechando kusvika kune tsvuku panda, zvese zvisikwa zvinobatsira. Kuchengetedza kunova nechokwadi chekuti Mhuka dzinogara paMount Everest dzinoramba dzichibudirira kuti zvizvarwa zvinotevera zvipupurire uye zvionge.

Vashanyi vanoita basa rekuona kuchengetedzwa kwerenje iri. Kuburikidza nekufamba kwakanaka uye kune hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza, kuyemurwa kwenzvimbo dzekugara, pamwe nekupa kwevashanyi kuchengetedza, kunosimudzira hunhu hweMhuka dzinogara muMount Everest.